The Impact of Workplace Social Inclusion and Workplace Social Support on the Work Performance of Employees with Disabilities

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of workplace social inclusion and workplace social support on the work performance of employees with disabilities in the private manufacturing sector of Punjab, Pakistan. Drawing on social inclusion theory and social support theory, the study examined how inclusive organizational practices and supportive workplace relationships influenced the performance outcomes of employees with disabilities. A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected from 798 employees with disabilities working in private manufacturing firms across Punjab. A stratified sampling technique ensured representation from major industrial cities, including Lahore, Faisalabad, Sialkot, Gujranwala, and Gujrat. Data were gathered using structured questionnaires based on validated scales measuring workplace social inclusion, workplace social support, and work performance. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicated that both workplace social inclusion and workplace social support had significant positive effects on the work performance of employees with disabilities. Employees who experienced higher levels of inclusion and support in the workplace demonstrated better job performance. Furthermore, workplace social inclusion emerged as a stronger predictor of performance compared to social support, highlighting the critical role of inclusive organizational environments